This book serves as an introduction to graduate students and early career researchers on chemistry and botany of the cannabis plant. Cannabis botany, propagation, biotechnology, chemistry, cannabinoids and their biosynthesis, chemovars of cannabis and their identification as well as the other chemical classes of compounds known to exist in the plant. Analytical method are discussed to establish identity and Potency changes over the years in the United States. This book will build a base of knowledge on the complexity of cannabis chemistry. Features - Introduction to the fundamental chemistry and botany of Cannabis. - State of the art research on Cannabis sativa. - The history, botany, major chemical classes of cannabis as well as methods of analysis and potency trends over several decades in the United States. - Written by prominent scientists in the field of cannabis. The Cannabis Chemistry Subdivision of the American Chemical Society recently founded in 2022 the ElSohly Award sponsored by Heidolph North America in honour of Prof. Mahmoud A. ElSohly. This award provides researchers, students, and industry professionals with resources to present their work at the Spring National Meeting of the American Chemical Society at the ElSohly Award Symposium. More information: https://cann-acs.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/CANN-Postcard-Award.pdf