This volume constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the Second Workshop on Adaptive and Learning Agents, ALA 2009, held as part of the AAMAS 2009 conference in Budapest, Hungary, in May 2009. The 8 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. They cover a variety of themes: single and multi-agent reinforcement learning, the evolution and emergence of cooperation in agent systems, sensor networks and coordination in multi-resource job scheduling. ThisbookpresentsselectedandrevisedpapersoftheSecondWorkshoponAd- tive and Learning Agents 2009 (ALA-09), held at the AAMAS 2009 conference in Budapest, Hungary, May 12. The goalof ALA is to provide an interdisciplinaryforum for scientists from a variety of ?elds such as computer science, biology, game theory and economics. This year¿s edition of ALA was the second after the merger of the former wo- shops ALAMAS and ALAg. In 2008 this joint workshop was organized for the ?rst time under the ?ag of both events. ALAMAS was a yearly returning Eu- pean workshop on adaptive and learning agents and multi-agent systems (held eight times). ALAg was the international workshop on adaptive and learning agents, which was usually held at AAMAS. To increase the strength, visibility and quality of the workshop it was decided to merge both workshops under the ?ag of ALA and to set up a Steering Committee as an organizational backbone. This book contains six papers presented during the workshop, which were carefully selected after an additional review round in the summer of 2009. We therefore wish to explicitly thank the members of the Program Committee for the quality and sincerity of their e?orts and service. Furthermore we would like to thank all the members of the senior Steering Committee for making this workshop possible and supporting it with sound advice. We also thank the AAMAS conference for providing us a platform for holding this event. Finally we also wish to thank all authors who responded to our call-for-papers with interesting contributions.